Substation Operation: Essential Procedures and Requirements

Substation operation is a complex process that requires high expertise to ensure the safety and performance of the electrical system. This content will detail the basic steps and necessary knowledge in this process.

Basic Steps in Substation Operation

Substation operation begins with checking protective and control equipment such as circuit breakers and disconnect switches to ensure these devices function properly. Checking the voltage on the input and output terminals is the next step to ensure the voltage is within safe limits. After completing the equipment and voltage checks, operation is performed by monitoring current, voltage, and frequency parameters to maintain system stability.

1. Equipment Check
   Conducting a comprehensive check of protective equipment and controls is the first step in substation operation. This includes ensuring relays, fuses, and circuit breakers function optimally. Specifically, equipment checks must be performed before operation to quickly detect and troubleshoot any issues.
   • Record the inspection results and maintenance history to manage the long-term operational status of the equipment.
2. Voltage Check
   Input and output voltage of the substation also needs thorough checking using precise measuring instruments. This not only helps ensure correct technical specifications but also mitigates the risks of overvoltage.
3. Substation Operation
   Starting the station by gradually increasing the voltage helps minimize sudden impacts on the system. This also requires close monitoring of input current parameters to promptly handle any incidents.
4. Monitoring Electrical Parameters
   Parameters such as current and frequency need continuous monitoring. Use automatic monitoring equipment to receive alerts if anomalies are detected.
5. Periodic Maintenance
   Conducting periodic maintenance is an effective solution to enhance the performance and lifespan of the substation. Maintenance of the cooling system to prevent overheating is also an indispensable part of this process.
6. Load Management
   Adjust and analyze electrical loads appropriately to avoid overload, ensuring the effective operation of the substation.
7. Occupational Safety
   Ensure a safe working environment by strictly complying with fire prevention regulations. Training employees to grasp operation processes and occupational safety is crucial.

Necessary Knowledge for Substation Operation

Employees need to understand basic wiring diagrams and technical parameters of primary equipment such as transformers and breakers. Knowledge of secondary equipment is essential, requiring checks of relay and BCU to process signals. Ensuring electrical system safety and continuous station management is essential for smooth operations.

In the field of electrical station engineering, substation operation plays a key role. To ensure effective substation operation, specialized knowledge about primary devices is essential. Starting with transformers, an important device in voltage transformation. Employees need to master technical specifications such as voltage, rated current, oil temperature, and windings.

Familiarity with devices such as circuit breakers and disconnect switches is necessary for disconnection and isolation during maintenance or troubleshooting. Current and voltage transformers are other important devices, supporting measurement throughout the system.

For transformer maintenance, regular inspections and maintenance are necessary to avoid failure. Daily checks of devices to detect unusual signs and monitor oil temperature are crucial components of these activities.

The substation’s installation location needs careful selection to ensure good terrain, along with effective ventilation and heat dissipation systems.

Electrical protection systems also require attention. Measurement and protection devices must be checked and maintained regularly. Using a compensation system (SVG) can help stabilize voltage and power quality.

Finally, understanding load graphs and power distribution is important to optimize the operations of power plants and substations. The neutral grounding system also requires attention to optimize insulation design and ensure safety.

Ensuring Safety in Substation Operation

Substation operation requires 24/7 vigilance to promptly handle arising situations. Employees must recognize related risks and take necessary safety measures to prevent occupational accidents. This not only protects employee safety but also ensures the electrical system’s integrity.

Ensuring safety in substation operation is a crucial aspect, requiring strict adherence to electrical safety regulations and standards to protect employees and equipment.

General Principles of Occupational Safety

1. Training and Protective Equipment: Workers must be fully trained in substation operation and equipped with personal protective equipment including helmets, protective clothing, footwear, gloves, and tools like test pens and safety harnesses.
2. Appoint Safety Officers: Having a dedicated officer for electrical occupational safety to supervise and address violations on-site is essential.

Specific Safety Measures

• Safety Distance: Maintaining a safe distance in the working area with electrical equipment is necessary. This helps avoid electric shock risks, while also complying with electrical safety standards.
• Barriers and Protection: Areas around the substation need barriers to prevent unauthorized access. The distance from barriers to electrical equipment must also meet current standards.
• Equipment Arrangement: Positioning equipment conveniently helps conduct switching and repair safely and efficiently. The sealing of distribution cabinets must also be suited to working conditions.
• Grounding and Lightning Protection: Ensure compliance with transformer grounding standards and install lightning protection systems to minimize lightning strike risks.

Reference Materials

• Substation Management Safety Handbook provides detailed guidelines on risk identification and prevention of occupational accidents.

The benefits of efficient substation operation include safe system operation, cost optimization, and risk reduction. This increases investment value and supports long-term development strategies in the energy sector.

Contact QuangAnhcons via Hotline: +84 9 1975 8191 for professional substation operation consulting and services.

QuangAnhcons provides substation operation services with a team of experienced technicians, ensuring safety and optimal efficiency for your electrical system.